Compressor cylinder



y 3, 1930' A. w. KEEMA 1,770,273

COMPRESSOR CYLINDER Filed Oct. 23, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 i Q INVENTOR.

4 .ifigxa/zav' M 66/110: km famla-w' ATTORNEYS. v

July 8, 1930. A. w. KEEMA 1,770,273

comPREssbR CYLINDER Filed 001323, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 IN VEN TOR.

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- Patented Juli- 8, 193a f nnnxnnnnn w. KEEMA, or woonsociznr, nnonn'rsmnn comrnnssoa CYLINDER Application filed October 23,

My present invention relates to refrigeration systems, and has particular reference to. im rovements in gas ompressors therefor. Sue object of my invention is to provide a port construction facilitating the rapid admission of the refrigerating gas to the compressor cylinder. G Another object ,of the invention is to utilize a piston-controlled admission port for providing free communication between the crank case and the cylinder when the piston is at the inner end of its stroke. 7

A further object is to provide a piston controlled admission rt of large area which is formed to permit free passage of the piston rings. L i 4 With these and other objects and advantageous features in view, the invention consists of novel arrangements of parts more fully disclosed in the detailed description following, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and more particularly set forth in the appended claims.

In the drawings: Fig. 1 is an elevation of a refrigerating system including the novel. compressor;

Fig. 2 is a sectional elevation of the compressor; a Fig.3 is a perspective view, partly'in sec- 30. tion, of a portion of the compressor cylinder, showing the admission port; and Fig. a is a section of the cylinder on the line of Figure 2, showing the come munication grooves.

It has been found desirable in the practical operation of com ressors' of. the reciprocating' type suitable or refrigeration apparatus,- to provide an annular sinuous gas admission groove about the inner surface ofthe cylin- 40 der to -be uncovered by the pistonwhen at the inner end of its stroke. This construction presents a large inlet port area and facilitatesrapid admission'of the refrigerating gas to the compression cylinder, while at the '45 same time permitting the piston rings to freely pass by without catching in the groove. Also, it is .found of advantage from a" mac-- tical standpoint to groove the side walls of the cylinder to provide communicating passages between'the crank case and the admisaaas. Serial No. 401,942.

sion port; and the following is a detailed description of the present embodiment of my invention showing one arrangementof.annu.-, lar groove by which these advantageous results may 'be accomplished. Referring to the drawings, the refrigeration system diagrammatically indicated in Figure, 1 includes the compressor C, the condenser K, the expansion nozzle N, and the evaporator E, the refrigerating fluid being compressed in the compressor, liquefied 1n the condenser, and vaporized in the expansion nozzle and evaporator to absorbheat. The compressor includes a crank case,10 in which the drive s haft 11'is"rotatab1y mounted and 65. on which is operatively mounted the piston Ldrive cam 12. The cylinder 13 ismounted on the crank case in communication .therev with, the upper end being closed by the valve plate 14 and cylinder head 15. In the cy'lv nder is mounted the reciprocating piston 16 operatively connected to the cam 12 by the connecting rod 17 and the cam yoke 18.-

The gas inlet pipe 19 leads the heated low pressure refrigerating gas tothe crank case;

vertical grooves 20 of ample area are provided in the cylinder wall on opposite sides thereof for communicating the crank case with the cylinder admission port 21, formed f as an annular sinuous channel or groove which may be serpentine or zigzag, as best shown in Figure 3. The port 21 1s located.

so as to be substantially-uncovered by the piston when at the inner end of its troke;v by'. forminv of this port in a zigzag orserpentine s5 pathit is found that the piston rings 22 will readily slide thereover without catching in (the edges of the" groove, theport. being of v suflicient area to quickly admit a large volumeof gas into the cylinder from the crank case, Q

After the low pressure gas has entered into the cylinder the piston 16 is forced upwardly to compress the'gas in the upper portion of the cylinder to a predetermined pressure which-wilhlift thedischarge check valve 23 against the'pressure of its'adjustable s ring 24 to permit passage of the compresse as through. the discharge port 25 into the cy inder head 15 The compressed gas now passes 10 but being movable out loss of refrigerating liquid. The crank case has a thrust bearing 29 for the shaft 11 at one end, and a bearing 30 at the other end, the bearing 80 municating with the crank case and the cylindrical sealing chamber 32. The shaft has a hardened seallng face 33thereon, contacted by a sealing ring 34 joined by a metallic bellows 35 with a lock ring 36 lockedagainst the end of the sealing chamber, with the usual metal gasket therebet'ween, by a lock cap 37 which screw threadedly engages the'exterior of the sealing chamber.

' A spring 38,- preferably rectangular in cross section, engages the sealing ring 34 to resiliently press the sealing ring against the sealing face 33, an adjusting bushing 39 concentric with the end of the shaft 11 screw threadedly engaging a, correspondingly screw threaded openingin the cap 37 to be movable for regulating. the tension of the spring 38. The bushing 39 has recesses 40 which are engageable by the head 41 ofga lock screw 42 to lock the bushing in adjusted position. In adjusting, the bushing is screwed up to fully compress the spring, and is then backed to permit a slight movement ofthe spring suflicient to vent gas, but not fluid.

he novel construction of the compressor cylinder and the admission port permits an immediate filling of the cylinder assoon as the admission port is uncovered, while atthe same time preventing engagement of the piston rings with the edges of the port groove.

ile I have described a specific structural arrangement of the cylinder and the cylinder port, such changes as appear desira le to suit difi'erent compressor requirements may obviously be made, within the spirit and the scope of the invention as de-' fined in the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder supported thereon, a piston mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder, the cylinder wall having a sinuous groove therein positioned to be uncovered by the piston when at the inner end of its stroke, and a passageway providmg and said groove.

2. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder mounted thereon, a piston mounted to reciprocate in the cylinde r, the cylinder wall having a zigzag groove therein positioned to be substantially uncovered by the piston effectively resiliently seal the vcornhaving passages 31 com- 7 4 piston acommunication between the crank casewhen at the bottom of its stroke, and a groove formed lengthwise in the surface of said zigzag groove.

3. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder mounted thereon, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said cylinder, the cylinder wall having a circumferential groove thereinat a point above the position of the piston when at the bottom of its stroke, and a fluid conduit communicating with said groove for inlet of fluid thereto.

' 4:. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder supported thereon, a piston mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder, the cylinder wall having an annular groove positioned to be uncovered by the piston when at the inner end ofits stroke, and a passageway providing a communication between the crank caseand said groove.

5. Ina compressor, a crank case, a cylinder supported thereon, a piston mounted to reciprocatein the cylinder, the cylinder wall having an annular groove with laterally displaced portions and positioned to be uncovered by the piston when at the inner end of its stroke, and a passageway providing a communication between the crank case. and said groove.

6. In a compressor, a crank case, a cylinder mountedthereon, a piston mounted to reciprocate in said cylinder, the cylinder wall having a groove with a longitudinal and a transverse portion and open'at its lower end to. said crank case and at its upper end to the cylinder at a point above the position of the when at the bottom of its stroke In testimony whereof I afli'x my signature.

ALEXANDER, W. KEEMA. 

